Executive summary
The report examines energy transition as a settlement between fiscal capacity, infrastructure, industry, technology, public expectations and strategic autonomy.
Energy choices are not isolated technical projects. They redistribute dependency, capital requirements, risk and decision authority across the economy.
Key findings
Transition is an operating model
Targets require institutional ownership, project sequencing, finance and system integration.
Legacy and future systems coexist
Governance must manage reliability and investment while new capabilities mature.
Strategic autonomy is selective
The objective is not isolation, but control over consequential dependencies and credible options.